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Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase the risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatic encephalopathy. The authors suggest that these agents could promote an increase bacterial infections. Patients who have cirrhosis should talk with their medical provider to assess their risk of taking these medications.
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is an infection in the ascites fluid often caused by severe or advanced liver or kidney disease. Encephalopathy is caused when toxins build up in the brain and are also caused by advanced liver disease. These conditions can be life-threatening, but can also be medically managed if caught in time.